高考英语阅读 · 错项拆解

2022 年 新高考二卷

共 15 道阅读选择题。先选,再看答案和每个错项错在哪;做过的题会记在你自己的浏览器里。

A 篇

1Children's Discovery Museum

2General Information about Group Play

3Pricing

4Group Play $7/person

5Scholarships

6We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.

7Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices(发票)must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.

8Group Size

9We require one chaperone(监护人)per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.

10Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options.

11Hours

12The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.

13Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.

14Registration Policy

15Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.

16Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.

17Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.

18Guidelines

19●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.

20●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.

21●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.

22●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.

第 21 题 · 细节理解

What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship?

定位句

Participation in a post-visit survey is required.要求参加参观后的问卷调查。

为什么选 C 原文说拿到奖学金的团体必须参加参观后的调查,选 C。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:scholarship 奖学金,这里指资助;survey 问卷调查

第 22 题 · 细节理解

How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum?

定位句

We require one chaperone(监护人)per ten children.我们要求每十个孩子配一名监护人。

为什么选 C 每 10 个孩子要 1 名监护人,30 个孩子就要 30 ÷ 10 = 3 名,选 C。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 张冠李戴一名是每十个孩子的配额,30 个孩子要三名。
  • B 原文没说按原文的规定怎么算都得不出两名。
  • D 原文没说按原文的规定怎么算都得不出四名。

词汇:chaperones 监护人

第 23 题 · 细节理解

What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?

定位句

Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.博物馆所有区域都不允许孩子无人陪同。

为什么选 D 规定说孩子在馆内任何地方都不能没人陪,也就是不能独自参观,选 D。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 原文没说规定里没提电脑。
  • B 原文没说规定只要求小声说话,没禁止交谈。
  • C 和原文反了原文要求孩子和展品“好好玩”,可以接触,不是禁止触碰。

词汇:prohibited 被禁止的;unaccompanied 无人陪同的;exhibits 展品

B 篇

1We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimediatools. Many young people don't even realize it's new. For them, it's just normal.

2This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children's book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures—a perfect match for his age.

3Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes(戳)the page with his finger.

4What's up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?

5Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.

6Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It's an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, Like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I'm not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I've even built websites.

7There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn't stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.

8Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star—two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.

第 24 题 · 词义猜测

What do the underlined words "hit home for me" mean in paragraph 2?

定位句

Then I realized what was happening.接着我明白了是怎么回事。

为什么选 B 作者先说年轻人觉得新媒体很平常,接着说这一点在和孙子读书时 hit home for me,后文讲他由此明白了孙子把书当平板电脑。可见短语意思是“让我真切地明白了”,选 B。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 词义套错了这是把 home 的字面意思“家、住处”套了进来。
  • C 原文没说上下文和减轻压力无关。
  • D 原文没说上下文讲的是意识到,不是对他起作用。

词汇:hit home (道理)被深切体会到;shelter 住处

第 25 题 · 细节理解

Why did the kid poke the storybook?

定位句

amused the boy with a tablet computer(他爸爸常)用平板电脑逗孩子玩
He thought my storybook他以为我的故事书(也是那样)

为什么选 A 孩子平时玩平板电脑,戳一下图片就会动,他以为故事书也一样,所以一直戳,选 A。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:poke 戳;took it for 把它当成

第 26 题 · 细节理解

What does the author think of himself?

定位句

I edit video and produce audio.我会剪视频、做音频。
I've even built websites.我甚至建过网站。

为什么选 D 作者说自己虽然老了,用电子产品可一点不差:剪视频、做音频、用手机支付、建网站。他认为自己很会用数字技术,选 D。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 原文没说原文没说自己有社交野心。
  • B 和原文反了他自嘲长着一张“只适合广播的脸”,不是夸自己好看,正好相反。
  • C 原文没说会用手机支付不等于经济独立。

词汇:competent 能干的;Digitally 在数字技术方面

第 27 题 · 细节理解

What can we learn about the author as a journalist?

定位句

in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio(很少)上镜,因为我长着一张只适合广播的脸

为什么选 B 作者说自己很少面对镜头,自嘲长相只适合上广播,也就是很少上电视,选 B。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 说过头了 / 范围变了他只是缺少上镜的经验,不是整个工作都缺经验,范围说大了。
  • C 原文没说他只说自己会剪视频,没说管一个部门。
  • D 原文没说是他自己成了“网红”,没说他常采访网红。

词汇:seldom 很少

C 篇

1Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.

2Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.

3That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted(分心)driving was "only increasing, unfortunately."

4"Big change requires big ideas."he said in a speech last month, referringbroadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.

5An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York'shands-free driving laws.

6"We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” saidFélix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone."

第 28 题 · 推理判断

Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US?

定位句

Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.可是无论怎么衡量,问题似乎都越来越严重了。

为什么选 A 大多数州都禁止开车发短信,可问题反而越来越严重,事故也在上升。这说明禁令没起作用,选 A。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:Ineffective 无效的;Inconsistent 不一致的

第 29 题 · 细节理解

What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?

定位句

just texted, emailed or done anything else(司机是否)刚发过短信、邮件或做过别的事

为什么选 B 警察用 Textalyzer 查手机系统里的最近记录,就能知道司机刚才有没有发短信、发邮件,也就是有没有用手机,选 B。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:scene 现场

第 30 题 · 词义猜测

What does the underlined word "something"in the last paragraph refer to?

定位句

If the Textalyzer bill becomes law如果 Textalyzer 法案成为法律

为什么选 D on the books 指“写进法律条文”,紧接着 Ortiz 又说“如果法案成为法律,人们就不敢拿手机了”。所以 something 指法律,选 D。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 原文没说on the books 指法律条文,不是建议。
  • B 原文没说上一段讲查手机记录,但这里指的是法律,不是数据。
  • C 原文没说下文说的是法案成为法律,不是测试。

词汇:on the books 写进法律的

第 31 题 · 主旨大意

What is a suitable title for the text?

定位句

An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer.纽约立法者的一个想法是,给警察配一种叫 Textalyzer 的新设备。

为什么选 B 全文先讲开车发短信屡禁不止,再介绍能查出司机有没有用手机的 Textalyzer。B“开车发短信?小心 Textalyzer”最合适,选 B。

其他选项错在哪

  • A 原文没说全文不讨论开不开车。
  • C 以偏概全2001 年的手持设备禁令只是背景细节,不是全文主题。
  • D 原文没说Textalyzer 是警察用的检测设备,不是新一代手机。

词汇:device 设备

D 篇

1As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.

2"Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.

3Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic(无氧)exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.

4"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump(泵送)a lot more blood during exercise."But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn'tchange, he says.

5"The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,"Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all."

6Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, saysLevine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.

第 32 题 · 推理判断

What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?

定位句

That's what happens to the heart.心脏也是这样。

为什么选 D 橡皮筋一开始很有弹性,放 20 年就会变干、容易断。Levine 用它说明心脏会随年龄老化,选 D。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:rubber band 橡皮筋;aging 老化

第 33 题 · 细节理解

In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?

定位句

The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic第一组参加的是无氧(运动)项目
The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise第二组做的是高强度有氧运动

为什么选 C 两组的区别在于做的运动不同:一组做平衡、力量训练这类无氧运动,一组做高强度有氧运动,选 C。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:aerobic 有氧的;Previous 之前的

第 34 题 · 细节理解

What does Levine's research find?

定位句

We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts我们让这些 50 岁的心脏回到了 30 或 35 岁的状态

为什么选 A 做高强度有氧运动的中年组,两年后心脏“年轻”了十几二十岁,选 A。

其他选项错在哪

  • B 原文没说研究对象是中年人,没有和年轻人比较。
  • C 和原文反了原文说 70 岁的人练一年也没效果,可见有时确实太晚了,正好相反。
  • D 说过头了 / 范围变了只有高强度有氧运动有效,不能说练得越多心脏越强。

词汇:Middle-aged 中年的

第 35 题 · 细节理解

What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?

定位句

But the study was small但这项研究规模很小
far larger groups of people(需要用)多得多的人(重复研究)

为什么选 C Goldberg 说研究规模小,需要用更多人重做一遍,才能弄清哪种锻炼最有用。她建议做进一步研究,选 C。

其他选项错在哪

词汇:Conducting 进行;Clarifying 说清楚